Jackie Robinson and his life - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 371 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/08/02 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Jackie Robinson Essay Did you like this example? Born January 31, 1919 in Costco, GA, Jackie Roosevelt Robinson became the first African American to ever play in Major League Baseball. Jackie Robinson was one of the most significant major league baseball player throughout history (along with Babe Ruth). Jackie broke the colour barrier and played his first MLB game on April 15, 1947, with the Brooklyn Dodgers. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Jackie Robinson and his life" essay for you Create order Jackie had an batting average of .311 which is impressive in the baseball world. Jackie married a young nurse-in-training on February 10, 1947. Jackie and his wife began facing an increasing amount of racist insults to death threats during his Majors career. The couple joined the Civil Rights Movement and became a lot more active in it later. Jackie was raised by a single mother and they didnt have a lot of money. He went to Muir High school and Pasadena junior college, and was an amazing athlete there and was in many sports including basketball, track, football, and baseball. After, we went to the University of California and received four varsity letters for four sports. Unfortunately he was forced to leave because of financial issues. World war II started, intervening with his career. Jackie joined the army and served as second lieutenant for two years, although he never experienced war. He was later discharged from the army for refusing to give up his seat on a segregated bus not unlike Rosa Parks. Jackie then started playing in the Negro Leagues, but the Brooklyn Dodgers chose him to join them. Jackie suffered many racial insults and threats while on the farm team(kind of a branch of the Dodgers). He was later promoted and played his first game for the Dodgers on April 15, 1947, and made history as the first black Major league player in America. Many hated the idea of Jackie playing and jeered him and yelled insults, and opposing teams threatened not to play against them along with some of his own teammates. The Dodgers manager defended Jackie and told them he would rather trade them than Jackie. Jacke later proved everyone wrong by showing his playing skills and helped the dodgers win the National League pennant. He was then chosen as the Rookie of the year. A while later he won the MVP award during the 1949 season.

Proposed New Tax Legislation Affecting Salary Sacrifice Essay

Proposed New Tax Legislation Affecting Salary Sacrifice for the Provision of Benefits in Kind At the Budget 2016 the government announced that due to concerns over the rising cost of salary sacrifice, it would consider limiting the range of benefits-in-kind (BIK) that attract income tax and National Insurance Contributions (NIC) advantages when provided as part of salary sacrifice arrangements. Following this Budget announcement, on 10th August HMRC published a consultation document which sets out a high level proposal for the future tax treatment of BIK offered via salary sacrifice. The consultation period will run from 10th August to 19th October, and during this time Willis Towers Watson will be reviewing the proposals together with industry bodies, as well as looking at what providers have to say, before responding to HMRC. The proposal may be subject to change and/or clarification following the consultation period. The government expects to make an announcement on decision made following the consultation in the Autumn Statement 2016. The proposed changes in summary The main proposed change is to introduce new tax legislation from 6th April 2017 that will make a BIK provided through salary sacrifice chargeable to income tax and Class 1A employer NIC, even if the BIK is normally exempt from tax and Class 1A NIC. The BIK charge will be calculated as the greater of the salary sacrifice amount or the cash equivalent. The proposals specifically target salary sacrificeShow MoreRelatedA Guide to Zimbabwe Goverment Revenue11248 Words   |  45 PagesAnalysis and input | | | | Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 4 1.1 Background 4 1.2 Enabling Legislations 4 1.3 Tax Reforms 5 1.4 Taxes and the economy 6 1.5 The toolkit 6 Chapter 2: Government Revenues categories 8 2.1 Definition of Revenue 8 2.2 Types of Government Revenue 8 2.3 Major Taxes charged in Zimbabwe 10 2.4 Major Tax Types 14 2.5 Non-tax revenues: 14 2.5.1 User charges 14 2.5.2 Administrative revenues 14 2.5.3 Debt 14 2.6 Institutional FrameworkRead MoreStatement of Advice13594 Words   |  55 Pagesinvesting 49 Appendix 3: Details of advice and product costs 51 Appendix 4: Assumptions 59 Projections 60 Appendix 5: Projections 61 Financial analysis - current position 61 Financial analysis - proposed position 64 Financial analysis - current vs proposed 66 Appendix 6: Other supporting information 67 Markets and Economies Report 67 Advice considerations What is included in our advice Navigate, at this time you have asked us to provide adviceRead MoreHistory and Rolls of Law Enforcement in America10094 Words   |  41 Pageswere less than half a million people in this country. 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Previous Decisions Made Judges Similar Case -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Previous Decisions Made Judges Similar Case? Answer: Introducation On 26th August 1928, the friend of Mrs Donoghue brought a ginger beer to her from the Wellmeadow Caf. The bottle of the ginger beer was open and thus the contents of the bottle were not visible. After the consumption of half of the bottle of the ginger beer she poured the contents into the tumbler. She found the remains of the decomposed remains of a snail floated which resulted her in a state of shock and severe gastro-enteritis. She brought an action against the manufacture of the ginger beer (Stevenson). The main issue that arose is whether there is duty of care that can be imposed upon the management which was violated and which resulted in negligence on the part of the manufacturer. Meaning of Ratio Decidendi and ratio in the case Ratio Decidendi is a Latin term which means the reasons for the judgments. These are the basis because of which the decision is reached by the court of law. It is the point that determines the decision of the case. In Donoghue v Stevenson, the ratio is that every person owns a duty of care against all such person who he can reasonably foresee and who is affected by the actions of the doer, thus, there must be presence of proximity amid the parties. (The Law Teacher, 2017) Meaning of Obiter Dicta and Obiter in the case Obiter Dicta is the expression of the judges that are given by the judges during the proceedings of the case but does not become the part of the judgment or is not considered as the reasoning of the judgment of the case. These are mere observations of the judges. In Donoghue v Stevenson, Lord Atkin submitted that we must love our neighbor and that reasonable care must be taken against the act which can be reasonable foresee and that might harm your neighbor are not the basis of the decision but are important statements that are made by the judge while pronouncing the decision. (Judicial precedent, 2009) It is submitted that Mrs Donoghue would not have been successful sue the manufacturer (Stevenson) under the law of contract mainly because there was no contract that was made amid the manufacturer and Mrs Donoghue. Mrs Donoghue was not the party to the contract and thus there is lack of privity of contract amid the parties. The present case was a civil case law and not the criminal case law. It is submitted that in order to marketing a criminal case mainly because in criminal case it is the case which is brought in by the state or federal government against the violation of law. But, in civil case, it is a private action that is brought against a private party in order to seek monetary damages. Mrs Donoghue cannot bring a contract law case as there is lack of privity of contract. But, she brought a case under the law of negligence as there was breach of duty on the part of the manufacturer which resulted in the loss sustained by Mrs Donoghue. Representations Prior making any contract amid the parties there are series of negotiations that took place. Some of the statements which are not promissory in nature are called representations. These are the statements which are normally made part of the contract and there is not much remedy in contract law. However, in common law it is submitted that if any statements are made which are not true and which are relied upon the parties prior making the contract then such statements are called misrepresentation and the aggrieved party has a right to rescind the contract and claim damages. The concept of representation is rightly held in Ellul and Ellul v Oakes (1972). (Clarke, 2012) Conditions Conditions are those terms that are part of the contract and are considered as the riot, heart and soul of the contract. These are the terms which are the fundamental of the contract. These terms are the reasons because of which the contract is established amid the parties. In Telford Homes (Creekside) Ltd v Ampurius Nu Home Holdings[2013] Poussard v Spiers(1876) it was held that the foundation of establishing a contract is its conditions. But, if any of the party to the contract does not comply with essential terms then the essence of the contract is lost and the reasons because of which the contact is established ceases. Thus, the aggrieved party has every right to terminate the contract ad seek damages and compensation for the losses that are suffered by him. (Davies, 2017) Warranties When the contract is made amid the parties then apart from conditions (which are the essence of the contract) there are few additional terms that are made part of the contract and such terms supplements the main terms of the contract and are warranties. They are not essence of the contract but are required in order for the smooth functioning of the contract. however, if the warranties are not comply with by any of the party, then, the aggrieved party can only claim damages for the breach and there is no termination of the contract and is held in Bettini v Gye(1876). (Davies, 2017) In nominate terms When the contract is made then there are terms which are not easy to categories as a condition or a warranty. These are those terms which take the shape of a condition or warranty depending upon the circumstances in which they are breached. If the circumsttbces revel that the terms become the essence of the contract then they are treated as condition otherwise they are treated as warranties. The damages so claimed also vary depending upon how the term is treated by the When any person (principal) appoints another person (agent), then such an agent must carry out his tasks as per the directions provided by his principal. The acts that are carried out by the agent are the acts that will bind the principal. However, the acts of the agent will only bind the principal provided they are carried out within his authority. Thus, the authority of an agent can be categorized as: Actual authority The actual authority are of two kinds: Actual express authority This is the kind of authority that is specifically provided by the principal to his agent. It is the authority that is provided by words, oral or written or by conduct. Actual implied authority It is the kind of authority that is provided to an gent by the principal under the implication of law. It is the authority that is supplementary to the actual express authority. This authority which is possessed by an agent under the implication of law, custom, usage and are inevitable for the performance of the tasks that are assigned to the agent, then, such are implied authority (Hely-Hutchinson v Brayhead Ltd [1968]. Ostensible authority The authority which is possessed by an agent not by an express or implied means but when the principal makes a representation in front of the third party which portrays an image that the agent does possess authority to bind the principal, then, any act that is undertaken by the agent within such ostensible authority is binding upon the principal. However, the outsider with whom the agent is dealing must be acting in good faith Union Bank of Australia Ltd v Rudder (1911). Thus, an agent when acts within his authority results in the binding relationship amid the principal and the third party. Further, section 129 of the act provided the right to make assumption upon the outsider. As per section 129 an outsider can assume that the officer with whom he is dealing on behalf of the company has been duly authorized to carry out such transaction. As per section 129 (3), the outsider can assume that the person with whom he is dealing has been duly appointed. As per section 128 (4), the outsider can business-law presumptions of section 129 only when he is acting in good faith. If the agent exceed his authority but if the outsider is acting in good faith then the transaction is binding upon the principal. Application of law Greg appoints Meg for the purchase of certain equipments. An express authority is provided to Meg to purchase the equipment only up to the extend $ 80,000. However he purchase the machinery for $ 90,000 from the oversea manufacturer. Now, Meg has violated his express authority. However as per section 129 the manufacturer has an authority to make assumption that Meg would have been carrying out the task within his authority provided by Greg , provided, he is acting in good faith. Conclusion Thus, the contract by Meg with the manufacturer is biding upon Greg. Reference List Bettini v Gye(1876) Donoghue v Stevenson (1932). Ellul and Ellul v economics (1972). Hely-Hutchinson v Brayhead Ltd [1968]. Hong Kong Fir Shipping Co Ltd v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd[1961]. Poussard v Spiers(1876). Telford Homes (Creekside) Ltd v Ampurius Nu Home Holdings[2013]. Union Bank of Australia Ltd v Rudder (1911). Davies (2017) The Good, the Bad and the Ugly? Conditions, Warranties and Innominate Terms (Online). Available at: https://www.daviesanddavies.net/construction-industry-news/the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly-conditions-warranties-and-innominate-terms. (Accessed on 9th October 2017). Julie Clarke (2012) Terms of a contract (Online). Available at: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/law/scope-terms.html. (Accessed on 9th October 2017). Judicial Precedent (2009) (Online). Available at: https://www.drsr.org/materials/conffiles/sallyrussellconf2009.pdf. (Accessed on 9th October 2017). The Law Teacher (2017) Previous Decisions Made By Judges In Similar Cases (Online). management at: https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/judicial-law/previous-decisions-made-by-judges-in-similar-cases-judicial-law-essay.php. (Accessed on 9th October 2017).

The Schlieffen Plan Essays - France, Military Plans,

The Schlieffen Plan In 1905, General Alfred von Schlieffen, who at that time was the Chief of the General Staff of Germany, developed a plan for war in Europe. He developed the plan in an attempt to prepare for the inevitable, a two front war with France and Russia. When he developed the plan he took in account all aspects of the many events that were occurring during that time. "Unfortunately, the plan would involve a violation of the International Agreement, signed by the Great Powers in 1839, guaranteeing Belgium's permanent neutrality." Schlieffen believed that France would attempt to recover Alsace-Lorraine. He planned to draw the French into a major offensive battle in Alsace. While France's attention was turned to that part of the country, 90% of the German Army would storm through Belgium and the Netherlands toward the South of Paris in a sweeping movement. This would allow the German forces to travel through the borders of Belgium, Netherlands, and the surrounding country side toward the South Paris, entrapping the French Army between the two German forces. This would allow Germany to attack the French army from their weaker point in the rear. With the French Army engaged in war with the other 10% of the German Army, the French would not notice the Germans coming from the rear. The Germans coming form the rear would push the French forward, trapping them between the two German forces. William the Second, the Emperor of Germany, replaced General Schlieffen with Helmuth von Moltke, as the Chief of the General Sta ff of Germany in 1906. Moltke modified the Schlieffen Plan from the original version. The Schlieffen Plan was a very engenus plan. The plan was devised for the German troops to be dispersed as follows: 1) 11 corps and 7 Reserve corps South of Namur 2) 6 corps and 1/2 Reserve corps through Mezieres 3) 8 corps and 5 Reserve corps through Verdun and Metz 4) 3 corps and 1 Reserve corps through Strasbourg This left no Reserves left to protect the countryside of Germany. Schlieffen had expected the German Army to be at least 41 1/2 Corp of troops by the time war would break out with France and Russia. He was counting on something that would not take place before war would break out. Moltke modified Schlieffen's Plan for a reason. The reason being that he believed that Germany did not have the man power for effective protection against invading countries. Moltke altered Schlieffen's plan in 1914, as follows: 1) 8 corps and 5 Reserve corps South of Namur 2) 6 corps and 3 Reserve corps through Mezieres 3) 3 corps and 2 Reserve corps through Verdum and Metz 4) 4 corps and 1 Reserve Corp through Strasbourg 5) 2 corps and 1 Reserve Corp in Reserve. In the revised Schlieffen Plan, Moltke would abandon the territory of Alsace-Lorraine if the Italian government did not show up to help. The Italian Chief of Staff, General Pollio, had promised that his Italian troops would help the Germans. Until his death in 1914, General Pollio had assured Moltke the Italian Army would occupy Alsace-Lorraine. Moltke felt that it was necessary to hold that Province with the two corps. If the Italians did not appear then the question would arise how would the German Army get to Alsace-Lorraine in time to defend the region. The French attack was directed toward Mulhausen, which delayed German troops transport to the right wing of the attack. As the Schlieffen plan was drawn up, Russia was still in a weakened state due to the Manchurian War. Russia was still behind the times of regular army operations. They had man power no question about it. However, man power does not make an army great, the leaders and the common sense of the Delegation make the ar my great. If the Russian Army had sufficient resources, the German Army would have not only had to fight the French, they would have also had to fight on the Russian border. This would have made the Schlieffen Plan just a passing thought because there would have not been enough German troops to carry it through. Russia would have needed the weaponry and a decent mean by which to deploy their troops with the right amount of equipment to